Unusual course of an epidural rhabdomyosarcoma of the upper thoracic spine

Summary This report deals with a case of rhabdomyosarcoma in the upper thoracic spine. It is of particular interest, not only for the rarity of type and location of this tumour, but for its clinical course, which presented fluctuations of neurological status, included an acute demonstration of complete paraplegia followed by full recovery after conservative treatment, and gradual relapsing of neurological deficit, one year later.     

外伤性急性颈椎间盘突出症(附19例报告)

本文旨在阐明MRI对急性颈椎间盘突出的诊断价值。19例均有明显的外伤史,X线片无骨折脱位者12例。其中C_(5～6),髓核突出7例,C_(5～6)、C_(1～5),突出5例。有小关节绞锁半脱位者7例,MRI均示损伤间隙有髓核突出。19例均为不全瘫。全部病例经前路椎间盘切除、植骨融合。平均随访15个月,植骨块平均于12周愈合。除1例骨块退出4～5mm外,余位置良好。脊髓功能均有明显恢复。结论:外伤是急性颈椎间盘突出的主要原因,而颈椎间盘突出又是SCIWORA综合征的主要原因。对小关节绞锁半脱位者应考虑同时有椎间盘突出的可能。手术治疗一般效果良好。     

胸腰椎稳定性重建方法的改进

为了改进胸腰椎脱位的治疗方法，更好地重建脊柱稳定性，设计了一种新的脊柱固定器械，由滚花钉及连接板构成，并通过椎弓根进行的一种脊柱后路短节段固定方法，脊柱固定范围限制在两个椎体间。１９８９年～１９９５年，临床应用这种新器械矫正胸腰椎脱位１２例，经１～４年随访，畸形矫正满意，固定牢固。结果表明：该器械具有手术方法简单、固定牢固和手术创伤小等优点。认为，该项技术适用于胸腰椎稳定性的重建。     

Daily changes in presynaptic cholinergic activity of rat sympathetic superior cervical ganglion

The in vitro capacity of sympathetic superior cervical ganglia (SCG) to take up [³H]choline from the extracellular medium, to synthesize acetylcholine from [³H]choline, and to release [³H]acetylcholine in response to a high K⁺ concentration, were examined in rats throughout a 24-h cycle. Both the release of [³H]acetylcholine and the synthesis of [³H]acetylcholine from [³H]choline exhibited significant diurnal variations, showing maxima during the first half of the night. After these maxima, nocturnal acetylcholine release and synthesis decayed to daytime levels and remained low until the end of the night. [³H]Choline uptake by rat SCG did not vary significantly throughout a 24-h period. A 1.5-h exposure of rats to darkness at the 5th hour of light phase of the daily photoperiod did not change significantly any parameter studied. A 20-min, 5-Hz, electrical stimulation of the preganglionic trunk of SCG excised from rats at noon increased significantly subsequent K⁺-induced [³H]acetylcholine release but did not change [³H]acetylcholine synthesis. In decentralized SCG of rats subjected to a unilateral SCG decentralization and a contralateral sham-operation 7 days earlier, [³H]acetylcholine release and synthesis were highly reduced or abolished at the decentralized side, while [³H]choline uptake remained unaltered. The present results suggest that an activation of preganglionic rat SCG neurons takes place during the first half of the scotophase.     

The callous elbow and aging of the upper arm

The author describes his surgical approach to the problems of the aging upper arm and elbow region. Surgery at an appropriate age can prevent the progressive wrinkling of the elbow which is further aggravated by aging of the upper arm. The author's operation is aimed at correcting both portions of the arm anatomy at the same time.     

原发性胸椎原始神经外胚层肿瘤的动态增强MRI表现

目的 初步探讨原始神经外胚层肿瘤(PNET)的动态增强MRI表现，以及对其诊断及鉴别诊断的价值。方法 用动态增强MRI方法对已手术和病理证实的2例胸椎PNET行3次MR检查并进行前瞻性研究。结果 在信号强度-时间和对比增强率．时间曲线上，2例PNET3次检查均表现为快升慢降型，即肿瘤早期就开始迅速增强，上升峰极陡，60～120s即达到高峰水平，然后保持平坦，3．5min内未见明显下降曲线。结论 动态增强MRI扫描能帮助对PNET进行早期诊断和鉴别诊断，从而为临床选择治疗方案及估计预后提供较为可靠的依据。     

Pedicle screw fixation with translaminar facet joint screws for the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Cotrel-Dubeusset (CD) instrumentation combined with translaminar facet joint screw ( TLS ) in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture. Methods: A total of six L2-L4 spines were used to establish unstable fracture model with three-dimensional range of motion ( ROM ) of the spines measured. Fixation with CD and fixation with CD combined with translaminar facet joint screw were achieved to compare their stability. Thirty cases of thoracolumbar fracture, in whom the anterior edge of vertebral body was compressed to 59% and the posterior edge compressed to 88%, were treated by pedicle screw fixation combined with TLS. Among them, 19 received posterolateral or anterior-posterior bone grafting Results- There was significant difference in ROM between the two techniques except that in extension. In Group CD TLS, ROM was 5.38% lower, lateral bending 4.91% lower and axial rotation 11.85 % lower than those in Group CD respectively. In the clinical group, the average anterior edge restored to 97 % and posterior edge to 98%. The duration of follow-up was 5-24 months (mean, 10 months). The rate of correction loss on the anterior edge was 4.5%. Among the 19 cases of bone grafting, all of them achieved bony fusion (mean fusion time, 4.3 month) with a correction loss rate of 3.4%. Conclusions:In the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture, pedicle screw fixation combined with TLS can strengthen the stability of pedicle screws, especially antirotation stability and enhance fusion rate and reduce correction loss.     

c-erbB-2、bcl-2蛋白在宫颈鳞癌细胞中的表达及其意义

目的　研究c erbB 2、bcl 2基因在宫颈鳞癌中的表达及其在宫颈癌发生、发展中的作用及意义。方法　采用免疫组织化学S P法分别检测 4 5例宫颈鳞癌组织、10例宫颈上皮内瘤变和 10例正常宫颈鳞状上皮中c erbB 2、bcl 2蛋白的表达。结果　c erbB 2、bcl 2蛋白在宫颈鳞癌中的阳性表达率分别为 5 5 .5 6 %、2 8.2 9% ;在CIN中的阳性表达率分别为 0、10 .0 0 % ;在NE组均无表达。c erbB 2蛋白在宫颈鳞癌中阳性表达与在CIN、NE中的表达差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;bcl 2蛋白在宫颈鳞癌中阳性表达与在CIN中的表达及在NE中的不表达差异均无显著性 ( P >0 .0 5 ) ;c erbB 2与bcl 2之间在宫颈鳞癌组织中的阳性表达呈负相关 ( P <0 .0 5 )。结论　c erbB 2、bcl 2基因参与了宫颈鳞癌的发生、发展过程。c erbB 2基因蛋白的过表达是宫颈组织恶性变的重要生物学标志。联合检测c erbB 2、bcl 2基因蛋白对判断宫颈癌预后有一定意义     

跳水运动员颈椎损伤的生物力学研究

作者通过在新鲜成人颈椎标本上做了椎体静力性负荷和动力性负荷实验,表明颈椎在后伸位应力为前屈位的50%,最大应力位于颈椎4-6,是跳水运动员头颈部入水时引起颈椎致伤的生物力学因素。     

经皮激光椎间盘减压术治疗颈性眩晕的临床研究

目的探讨经皮激光椎间盘减压术治疗颈性眩晕的疗效及机制。方法对31例颈性眩晕患者36个突出间盘行经皮激光椎间盘减压术，观察术后3个月以上的疗效。结果28例术后眩晕立即消除(90％)，明显改善者2例(7％)，无效者1例(3％)，无神经损害、感染等并发症发生。结论导致颈性眩晕的主要原因是颈椎间盘突出、颈椎失稳，激惹交感神经诱发椎动脉痉挛。钩突关节肥大并非是主要致病因素。经皮激光椎间盘减压术使椎间盘内压骤然降低，加之局部直接热疗，从而可消除椎动脉痉挛，对治疗颈性眩晕有明显疗效。